These two are excellent hydrators and replace the older, heavier glycols that tend to pill under make-up and sunscreen.
Ectoin - An extremolyte.
Skin effects
● More than simply binding water, it organises water into hydration shells, helping to stabilise proteins, cell membranes and lipid structures.
● Reduces transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and improves barrier resilience.
● Helps reduce inflammation and stress signalling following UV exposure.
● Protects membrane proteins and lipid bilayers from dehydration.
Particularly beneficial for:
● Mature skin
● Reactive skin
● Post-procedure formulations
● Dry-climate exposure
Betaine (Trimethylglycine)
A naturally occurring amino acid, primarily used as a humectant.
Skin effects
● Osmoprotection and hydration.
● Reduces water loss from keratinocytes in low-humidity conditions.
● Improves immediate hydration and reduces the feeling of tightness caused by surfactants or dry air.
● Gives the skin a soft, supple feel.
● Supports the skin barrier by reducing irritation and improving barrier integrity.
● Helps reduce irritation following UV exposure.
● Especially effective in humectant-rich, low-tack moisturisers.